Provenance Information

1968-2018, private New York collection (object #122)

Exhibition Information

Long-term loan to PUAM (L.1990.34.6)

Publication Information

None

Section of the AAMD Guidelines relied upon for the exception to 1970

Informed judgement that works were outside of the country of modern discovery before 1970

Explain why the object fits the exception set forth above

Based on the results of provenance research, the Princeton University Art Museum can make an informed judgment that the object was outside its probable country of modern discovery before 1970. The collector maintained a sequential inventory of their collection with the year of each acquisition specified. The accuracy of the list is corroborated by a number of works in the inventory that were either published in other collections prior to the collector’s acquisition date or published or exhibited shortly after the acquisition, in each instance with the appropriate ownership history indicated. According to the inventory, the collector acquired this work in the 1968.

Provenance Information

By 20 May 1970, Alan C. Lapiner, New York; 20 May 1970-2018, private New York collection (object #152)

Exhibition Information

None

Publication Information

None

Section of the AAMD Guidelines relied upon for the exception to 1970

Informed judgement that works were outside of the country of modern discovery before 1970

Explain why the object fits the exception set forth above

Based on the results of provenance research, the Princeton University Art Museum can make an informed judgment that the object was outside its probable country of modern discovery before 14 November 1970. The collector maintained a sequential inventory of their collection with the year of each acquisition specified. The accuracy of the list is demonstrated by a number of works in the inventory that were either published in other collections prior to the collector’s acquisition date or published or exhibited shortly after the acquisition, in each instance with the appropriate ownership history documented. According to the inventory, the collector acquired this work on 20 May 1970 from Alan C. Lapiner, a New York art dealer.

Provenance Information

By 20 May 1970, Alan C. Lapiner, New York; 20 May 1970-2018, private New York collection (object #149)

Exhibition Information

Long-term loan, PUAM (L.1990.34.3)

Publication Information

None

Section of the AAMD Guidelines relied upon for the exception to 1970

Informed judgement that works were outside of the country of modern discovery before 1970

Explain why the object fits the exception set forth above

Based on the results of provenance research, the Princeton University Art Museum can make an informed judgment that the object was outside its probable country of modern discovery before 14 November 1970. The collector maintained a sequential inventory of their collection with the year of each acquisition specified. The accuracy of the list is demonstrated by a number of works in the inventory that were either published in other collections prior to the collector’s acquisition date or published or exhibited shortly after the acquisition, in each instance with the appropriate ownership history documented. According to the inventory, the collector acquired this work on 20 May 1970 from Alan C. Lapiner, a New York art dealer.

Provenance Information

By 20 May 1970, Alan C. Lapiner, New York; 20 May 1970-2018, private New York collection (object #149)

Exhibition Information

Long-term loan, PUAM (L.1990.34.4)

Publication Information

None

Section of the AAMD Guidelines relied upon for the exception to 1970

Informed judgement that works were outside of the country of modern discovery before 1970

Explain why the object fits the exception set forth above

Based on the results of provenance research, the Princeton University Art Museum can make an informed judgment that the object was outside its probable country of modern discovery before 14 November 1970. The collector maintained a sequential inventory of their collection with the year of each acquisition specified. The accuracy of the list is demonstrated by a number of works in the inventory that were either published in other collections prior to the collector’s acquisition date or published or exhibited shortly after the acquisition, in each instance with the appropriate ownership history documented. According to the inventory, the collector acquired this work on 20 May 1970 from Alan C. Lapiner, a New York art dealer.

Provenance Information

By 1965, Alan C. Lapiner, New York; 1965-2018, private New York collection (object #55)

Exhibition Information

Long-term loan, PUAM (L.1990.34.7)

Publication Information

Lapiner, Alan. 1976. Pre-Columbian Art of South America. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., New York. Illus., fig. 439.

Section of the AAMD Guidelines relied upon for the exception to 1970

Informed judgement that works were outside of the country of modern discovery before 1970

Explain why the object fits the exception set forth above

Based on the results of provenance research, the Princeton University Art Museum can make an informed judgment that the object was outside its probable country of modern discovery before 1970. The collector maintained a sequential inventory of their collection with the year of each acquisition specified. The accuracy of the list is corroborated by a number of works in the inventory that were either published in other collections prior to the collector’s acquisition date or published or exhibited shortly after the acquisition, in each instance with the appropriate ownership history indicated. According to the inventory, the collector acquired this work in 1965.

Provenance Information

By 1965, Alan C. Lapiner, New York; 1965-2018, private New York collection (object #5)

Exhibition Information

none

Publication Information

none

Section of the AAMD Guidelines relied upon for the exception to 1970

Informed judgement that works were outside of the country of modern discovery before 1970

Explain why the object fits the exception set forth above

Based on the results of provenance research, the Princeton University Art Museum can make an informed judgment that the object was outside its probable country of modern discovery before 14 November 1970. The collector maintained a sequential inventory of their collection with the year of each acquisition specified. The accuracy of the list is demonstrated by a number of works in the inventory that were either published in other collections prior to the collector’s acquisition date or published or exhibited shortly after the acquisition, in each instance with the appropriate ownership history documented. According to the inventory, the collector acquired this work in 1965 from Alan C. Lapiner, a New York art dealer.

Provenance Information

By 20 May 1970, Alan C. Lapiner, New York; 20 May 1970-2018, private New York collection (object #157)

Exhibition Information

none

Publication Information

none

Section of the AAMD Guidelines relied upon for the exception to 1970

Informed judgement that works were outside of the country of modern discovery before 1970

Explain why the object fits the exception set forth above

Based on the results of provenance research, the Princeton University Art Museum can make an informed judgment that the object was outside its probable country of modern discovery before 14 November 1970. The collector maintained a sequential inventory of their collection with the year of each acquisition specified. The accuracy of the list is demonstrated by a number of works in the inventory that were either published in other collections prior to the collector’s acquisition date or published or exhibited shortly after the acquisition, in each instance with the appropriate ownership history documented. According to the inventory, the collector acquired this work on 20 May 1970 from Alan C. Lapiner, a New York art dealer.

Provenance Information

Mr. Julius Bernard Kester purchased this tunic fragment in the United States on June 11, 1984, from Bella Artes, located at 301 Garcia at Canyon Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501. No additional provenance information is available.

Exhibition Information

N/A

Publication Information

N/A

Section of the AAMD Guidelines relied upon for the exception to 1970

N/D

Explain why the object fits the exception set forth above

According to LACMA and AAMD guidelines, if the provenance of a proposed acquisition does not clearly indicate that the antiquity in question was outside its country of origin prior to 1970, the museum may determine to proceed with the acquisition based on an analysis of the benefits and risks, and in accordance with AAMD’s guidelines for the publication of the object and the provenance information known about it, with an explanation of the basis for the museum’s decision. Generally, LACMA believes that, absent evidence of looting or illegal export of any antiquities, but given incomplete provenance establishing that the objects were outside their source countries prior to 1970 and prior to any applicable foreign patrimony laws, it is in LACMA’s and the public interest to accept such objects for the purpose of bringing them into the public domain, caring for them and publishing them, both for scholarly purposes and for the purpose of providing notice to any party, including source countries, that may have a claim or information relating to the provenance of the objects.

Provenance Information

Leon Pomerance, New York, probably mid-1960s to 1988; The Merrin Gallery, New York, 1988; William B. Ziff, Jr., New York, 1988 to 2019

Exhibition Information

Yale University Art Gallery, Weaving and the Social World, 3000 Years of Ancient Andean Textiles, May 20 to September 1, 2016

Publication Information

None

Section of the AAMD Guidelines relied upon for the exception to 1970

Informed judgement that works were outside of the country of modern discovery before 1970

Explain why the object fits the exception set forth above

The disk’s first reported owner, Leon Pomerance, died in 1988; a dated, redacted invoice in the museum’s files indicates that, in 1988, the Merrin Gallery sold the disk to a private collector. (This collector was probably William B. Ziff, Jr., since the disk appeared in a 2016 exhibition at Yale University based on Mr. Ziff’s collection.) The date on which Mr. Pomerance acquired the disk is unknown, but the period of probable acquisition can be inferred. Mr. Pomerance played a leadership role in the Archaeological Institute of America starting in the late 1960s—he served on the Institute’s board and as president of its New York chapter (Leon Pomerance Papers, University of Florida, http://www.library.ufl.edu/spec/manuscript/guides/pomerance.htm). Given the Institute’s strong stand on post-1970 collecting, Mr. Pomerance is unlikely to have acquired antiquities lacking a pre-1970 provenance after 1970. In addition, strong circumstantial evidence supports the conclusion that the disk left Peru before 1970. That is, the disk probably belongs to a large group of metal objects that includes approximately 25 similar silver repousse disks; the group, discovered on Peru’s north coast, is described by Alan Lapiner in his book Pre-Columbian Art of South America (Harry N. Abrams, New York, 1976, note 600, p. 447). At least 41 other objects attributed to the group are now in public collections; of them, 36 were acquired in the mid to late 1960s, with one outlier in 1970. Acquisition dates of the remaining 5 require further research but it is likely that they, too, were originally sold in the 1960s, based on the dealers through whose hands they passed or other evidence. Ancient Andean metalsmiths created one of the world’s most distinguished traditions in silver and gold. The museum’s holdings so far include no exhibition-worthy examples of the Chimú accomplishment in metal. Thus, the disk will fill a significant gap and allow the museum to represent Chimú art more completely to the public.

Provenance Information

Arnold F. Strauss, M.D, 1902–1965; Margaret S. and Linus Travers, to 2018; Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, Conn.

Exhibition Information

N/A

Publication Information

"Acquisitions July 1, 2017–June 30, 2018," https://artgallery.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/bulletin/Pub-Bull-acquisitions-2018.pdf (accessed December 1, 2018).

Section of the AAMD Guidelines relied upon for the exception to 1970

Informed judgement that works were outside of the country of modern discovery before 1970

Explain why the object fits the exception set forth above

Arnold Strauss, collector of this collection died in 1965, the collection was willed to his daughter, Margaret Travers upon his death